Tirthankaras · Number 12/24

Vasupujya

Celibate from birth, never a king — all five of his life's great events happened in Champapuri.

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Vasupujya, Tirthankara 12
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The story

Distinctive in three ways. He never married — a bala-brahmachari, celibate from birth. He never ruled; he declined the throne and took initiation as a prince, breaking the usual king-then-renunciant pattern. And all five of his auspicious events — conception, birth, initiation, omniscience and liberation — took place in one city, Champapuri. No other Tirthankara shares this.

Champa was a real and important city, capital of the ancient kingdom of Anga, well known to Buddhist texts as well. Here archaeology, Jain tradition and Buddhist tradition all point to the same place.

Where the traditions differDigambara tradition counts five Tirthankaras who never married: Vasupujya, Malli, Nemi, Parshva and Mahavira. Svetambara tradition counts three — Vasupujya, Malli and Nemi — as it holds that Parshvanatha married Prabhavati and Mahavira married Yashoda.